Giving orders on the transport ledger involves making the best use of your limited transport capacity.
Usually at the beginning of the game, you will have enough transport capacity to move all your resources. This will not be true for long. You will need to produce more transport capacity using the railyard on the industry screen.
When the available commodities outnumber the total transport capacity, you will need to choose how to allocate transport capacity.
Use the arrows at the ends of the sliders to lower the amount of one item, or to raise the amount of another item that is desperately needed by industry.